Judy Smith, MSN, RN, CRNI®, serves as Director of Vascular Access and Wound Care for Ascension Seton in Austin, Texas. She completed her BSN at the University of Texas at Austin in 1995 and her MSN in Healthcare Systems Management at Loyola University New Orleans in 2010. She has worked in the Vascular Access specialty for 21 years and published 2 research studies on disinfection of needleless connectors and 1 point prevalence study related to PIVC complications and documentation. She has presented at many Vascular Access and Infusion Therapy conferences in the United States and New Zealand. Judy enjoys reading and spending time with her family, especially her 2 grandsons.

Vallire Hooper, PhD, RN, CPAN, FASPAN, FAAN, is a Senior Nurse Scientist with Ascension. She has been a nurse for over 35 years, with a primary focus in perianesthesia nursing, working as a staff nurse, Clinical Nurse Specialist, and lastly, as a Clinical Nurse Scientist for the last 14 years. Dr Hooper obtained her PhD in Nursing from the Medical College of Georgia in 2009, with a research focus on factors influencing the multidisciplinary adoption of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. She is a Fellow in the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses as well as the American Academy of Nursing. Dr Hooper’s primary research interests include clinically focused patient outcomes research and factors influencing nursing care delivery.